Archives

  • 2018-07
  • 2018-10
  • 2018-11
  • 2019-04
  • 2019-05
  • 2019-06
  • 2019-07
  • 2019-08
  • 2019-09
  • 2019-10
  • 2019-11
  • 2019-12
  • 2020-01
  • 2020-02
  • 2020-03
  • 2020-04
  • 2020-05
  • 2020-06
  • 2020-07
  • 2020-08
  • 2020-09
  • 2020-10
  • 2020-11
  • 2020-12
  • 2021-01
  • 2021-02
  • 2021-03
  • 2021-04
  • 2021-05
  • 2021-06
  • 2021-07
  • 2021-08
  • 2021-09
  • 2021-10
  • 2021-11
  • 2021-12
  • 2022-01
  • 2022-02
  • 2022-03
  • 2022-04
  • 2022-05
  • 2022-06
  • 2022-07
  • 2022-08
  • 2022-09
  • 2022-10
  • 2022-11
  • 2022-12
  • 2023-01
  • 2023-02
  • 2023-03
  • 2023-04
  • 2023-05
  • 2023-06
  • 2023-08
  • 2023-09
  • 2023-10
  • 2023-11
  • 2023-12
  • 2024-01
  • 2024-02
  • 2024-03
  • br Results Fish borne nematode parasites of zoonotic importa

    2018-10-29


    Results Fish-borne nematode parasites of zoonotic importance and respective fish hosts in Brazil are indicated in Table 1. Anisakis spp. were reported from 44 different host species, Pseudoterranova spp. from 16 hosts, Hysterothylacium spp. from 57 hosts, Eustrongylides spp. from 46 hosts, Contracaecum spp. from 89 hosts, Gnathostoma spp. from 2 hosts, and Dioctophyme renale from 3 hosts. The geographical distribution of the fish hosts species in both freshwater and marine environment is widely spread through the country\'s coastline and rivers belonging to almost all the hydrological basins. Moreover, the hosts include nearly all the economically important marine fish (Thunus thynus, Engraulis anchoita, Micropogonias furnieri, Pagrus pagrus, Scomber japonicus, Katsuwonus pelamis, Pomatomus saltatrix, etc.) and freshwater fish species (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, P. fasciatum, Plagioscion squamosissimus, Salminus brasiliensis, Arapaima gigas, Cichla ocellaris, Piaractus mesopotamicus, etc.). To date only a few cases fish-borne nematode infections in humans have been reported in Brazil. Dani et al. (2009) described the first case of gnathostomiosis in the country, and serological analysis suggested infection with the third stage Octreotide acetate of Gnathostoma binucleatum. However, this case involved a Brazilian patient who travelled to Peru and ate “Ceviche” three weeks before developing symptoms after having returned to Brazil. Therefore, this case seems to be an imported case in which a Brazilian was infected in Peru. A real autochthonous case of gnathostomiosis in Brazil was reported by Vargas et al. (2012). A man from Rio de Janeiro fishing in the Tocantins River caught a Cichla sp. fish and used it to prepare and consume “Sashimi”. Two weeks later he developed reddish lesions on his back, which disappeared after treatment with praziquantel. Later, the symptoms re-appeared and immunoblot analysis performed in Thailand showed positive antibody binding against Gnathostoma spinigerum antigen; since G. spinigerum is an Asian species of Gnathostoma and since G. spinigerum antigen can be used to diagnose G. binucleatum infection in Latin America (Nawa et al., 2015), this case appears to be the first indigenous case of gnathostomosis in Brazil. Recently, Chaves et al. (2016) reported a case of ocular gnathostomosis in Brazil. Several reports of possible gnathostomosis have appeared on internet-based descriptions by sport fishermen. Despite the convincing description of the symptoms and the epidemiological data strongly suggesting infection with Gnathostoma spp., these anecdotal reports were not confirmed by parasitological examination and cannot be accepted as cases of gnathostomosis. Human infection with dog hookworms manifest skin lesions similar to those caused by Gnathosotoma and should be considered in differential diagnosis. Amato Neto et al. (2007) reported a group of possible cases of anisakidosis acquired by sport fishermen at Octreotide acetate Ilha do Bananal, Tocantins River. However, as was pointed out by Eiras et al. (2015), the fishermen ate “Sashimi” made from the freshwater Cichlidae fish which is unable to harbor marine parasites Anisakis sp. or Pseudoterranova sp. In addition, clinical features of the patients were not characteristic of anisakidosis, but rather have some similarities with the early stage of infection with Gnathostoma sp. (Herman and Chiodini, 2009). Until now, there is only one reliable description of an anisakidosis case in Brazil (Rosa da Cruz et al., 2010), involving a patient who had possibly eaten raw fish in a trip to Bahia State before developing epigastric pain, and early satiety. Endoscopic examination of the duodenum revealed inflamed mucosa and the presence of a 1.5cm length larva which was removed by endoscopy. The worm was identified as an anisakid species. In Brazil there is only a single case report of infection with the zoonotic nematode Dioctophyme renale (giant kidney worm); the report describes infection of a female patient with D. renale in São Luís-MA (Lisboa, 1945).