T0901317 br Materials and methods br Results The statistical

Materials and methods
Results The statistical analyses carried out in the present work generated a large number of results. Here we reported the main findings, and included some other results as in the supplementary text (e.g., age- and sex-related differences in GMD across the whole T0901317 voxel-wise). The visualization module of the Connectome Computation System (http://github.com/zuoxinian/CCS) (Xu et al., 2015) was used to produce all figures presented in following sections.
Discussion Using a typically developing sample (6–16 years old, 42 boys and 42 girls), we replicated a region-specific asymmetry pattern of gray matter density (GMD) within the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), which was previously observed in adults (Wang et al., 2013): the distinction of morphology asymmetry profiles of dACCs GMD (i.e., the rightward asymmetry of the inferior subdivision versus the leftward asymmetry of the superior subdivision). We further examined asymmetry changes of intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) across the whole brain voxel-wise using regions derived from the morphologic asymmetry as seeds. This novel analysis revealed distinct asymmetry patterns between the two portions of dACC regarding their iFC profiles. Specifically, the superior dACC seed demonstrated leftward (LL>RR) asymmetry of connectivity with default network whereas the inferior dACC seed showed rightward (RR>LL) asymmetry of connectivity with default network. In addition, both the superior and the inferior dACC seeds exhibited rightward iFC asymmetry profiles with different networks (frontoparietal network versus visual network). Beyond the ipsilateral iFC asymmetry mentioned above, their contralateral iFC asymmetry was also detectable. Novel observations that how age and sex interact with these asymmetry iFC profiles were achieved in this developing sample. Regarding the fact that dACC belongs to multiple functional networks serving as a core region of the control system in the human brain (Margulies et al., 2007; Cole et al., 2014b,a), we discuss implications of these findings for understanding neural mechanism underlying brain asymmetry and their neurodevelopmental relevance from a network perspective (Yeo et al., 2011).
Conclusion
Conflict of interest
Acknowledgements We acknowledge the funding support from the National Basic Research Program (973 Program: 2015CB351702), the Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Major Fund for International Collaboration: 81220108014) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Research Program (CAS: KSZD-EW-TZ-002). These funders had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, the decision to publish, or manuscript preparation. Dr. Zang acknowledges the support of the Qian Jiang Distinguished Professor Program. Dr. Zuo and Dr. Yan are members of the international collaboration team (under its trial stage with PI: Dr. Xun Liu) supported by the CAS K.C. Wong Education Foundation and acknowledge the support of the CAS Hundred Talents Program (XNZ: Y2CS112006; CGY: Y5CX072006). We thank the team led by Drs. Xu Chen, Jiang Qiu, Antao Chen in Southwest University for their endless support for data collection of the Chinese Color Nest Program and Dr. Richard Betzel from University of Pennsylvania for help with language editing and proof reading of the manuscript.