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At the organismal level skeletal muscle lung
2023-08-29
At the organismal level, skeletal muscle, lung and adipose tissues mediate net de novo synthesis and release of glutamine, whereas net glutamine catabolism occurs in the kidney [7]. The liver exhibits net glutamine consumption coupled to urea production in the post-absorptive state, and net glutamin
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Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused b
2023-08-28
Some alterations in the integrity of cell membranes caused by toxic agents can be determined by measuring certain enzymes released by damaged cells [8]. The cholinesterases, for example, catalyze the hydrolysis of Laminin 925-933 (ACh) in choline and acetic acid. Theses enzymes are divided into two
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It is important http www apexbt com media diy images
2023-08-28
It is important to note that the administration of THA significantly increased the area immunostained by the anti-pVEGFR2 antibody in medial septal cholinergic neurons. The same treatment slightly increased the expression levels of VEGFR2 in cholinergic neurons; however, this change was not confirme
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The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal HPA axis is a neuroendocr
2023-08-28
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system that is central to regulating responses to stress (Palazidou, 2012). In older persons, a high dysfunction of the HPA axis is observed (Otte et al., 2005) which may be enhanced by stimulatory effects of genes involved in the axi
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The cellular mechanism underlying the CGS mediated inhibitio
2023-08-28
The cellular mechanism underlying the CGS12066-mediated inhibition of glutamate release from hippocampal nerve terminals through presynaptic 5-HT1B receptors remains to be elucidated. 5-HT1B receptors are coupled to PTX-sensitive G proteins (Gi or Go) that have been shown to inhibit AC activity as w
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The combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors with standard ch
2023-08-28
The combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors with standard chemotherapeutics or radiotherapeutics are currently in progress, such as AZD1152 plus radiotherapy in various solid cancer models. In addition, Azzariti et al. found that AZD1152-HQPA enhanced oxaliplatin and gemcitabine effectiveness in the
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br Introduction In addition to ATP production an
2023-08-28
Introduction In addition to ATP production, an important role of mitochondria in the pancreatic beta cell is anaplerosis, which is the net synthesis of citric BHQ receptor cycle intermediates that are exported to the cytosol where they are converted to numerous other metabolites that stimulate an
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kinesin 5 However one should keep in mind that these
2023-08-28
However, one should keep in mind that these results may not reflect exactly in vivo antioxidant activity. Many other issues such as absorption, metabolism and physicochemical properties of different antioxidants must also be considered (Prior et al., 2007, Wu et al., 2004). Some research groups are
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Interestingly we noticed that LPS exposure was associated
2023-08-28
Interestingly, we noticed that LPS exposure was associated with decreased phosphorylation of AMPK and increased phosphorylation of p70S6K1, suggesting that AMPK inactivation and the subsequent mTOR activation might be involved in the development of LPS-induced inflammation. On the other side, treatm
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Fig A shows a schematic representation
2023-08-28
Fig. 2A shows a schematic representation of histological results according to the Franklin and Paxinos Mouse Brain Atlas (2001). The black circles represent the sites of drug infusion that were on-target within the amygdala. Gray circles represent the animals that had infusion locations outside the
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br Effective therapeutic window of AR actions on ROP
2023-08-26
Effective therapeutic window of AR actions on ROP Retinal vasculature undergoes critical developmental changes postnatally: from P7 onward the superficial 2 types of active transport start sprouting vertically in retina to form first the deep then the intermediated vascular plexus in the retina
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Fludara Our published data showed that in mouse heart the
2023-08-26
Our published data showed that, in mouse heart, the protein level of WDR1 was highest during the embryonic stage, but became progressively decreased to a constant level from birth to adulthood (Yuan et al., 2014), indicating an important role of WDR1 in embryonic heart development. However, function
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NLX a k a F or
2023-08-26
NLX-112 (a.k.a. F13640 or befiradol), exhibits nanomolar affinity at 5-HT1A receptors, and, in ciprofloxacin to the 5-HT1A receptor agonists listed above, it presents exceptional selectivity and high efficacy at these receptors (Colpaert et al., 2002, Newman-Tancredi et al., 2017). Additionally, it
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br Funding br Introduction l
2023-08-26
Funding Introduction l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the gold-standard treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its chronic use induces severe motor complications that eventually limit its long-term efficacy (Bastide et al., 2015). The most disabling side
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As previously mentioned when hypoxia treated cells
2023-08-26
As previously mentioned when hypoxia-treated cells become re-oxygenated they sustain a significant amount of DNA damage which has been attributed to the formation of reactive oxygen species . This finding represents more than just an interesting in vitro phenomenon as within a tumor, cells have been
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